SPINNING PREPARATION | FLOWCHART OF SPINNING PROCESS | OBJECT OF MIXING | OBJECT OF BLOWROOM | OBJECT OF CARDING | OBJECT OF DRAWFRAME | OBJECT OF COMBER | OBJECT OF SIMPLEX.

DEFINITION OF SPINNING

The process of converting staple fibres ( like as cotton, polyester, nylon etc ) to continuous yarn, is called SPINNING.

PROCESS FLOWCHART OF SPINNING YARN

Spinning Process Flowchart

MIXING

OBJECT OF MIXING

• To feed the uniform amount of material in blowroom line.
• To get the better quality of yarn.
• To reduce the cost of raw material upto some extent.
• To combine two or more varieties of same fibres.
• To reduce the cost of product upto some extent.
• To produce mixed variety product.
• To add some extra moisture to raw material.
• To reuse some waste to fresh fibre.

BLOWROOM LINE

OBJECT OF BLOWROOM

• To open the bale fibres into small tufts.
• To clean the fibres by removing foreign matters such as seeds, sand, dust etc. and prepare the material for next process.
• To mix the different components of fibres to give a homogeneous mixing.
• To feed opened and cleaned material to chute feed system.

CARDING

OBJECT OF CARDING

• Carding should individualize the fibre.
• Clean the material by removing the foreign matter such as sand, dust, seed etc.
• Remove the neps.
• Form the continues strand of sliver.

COUNT | DEFINITION OF COUNT | DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COUNT AND HANK | ENGLISH COUNT | FRENCH COUNT | METRIC COUNT | SPINNING CALCULATION.

COUNT AND HANK

The term “hank and count” have same meaning and both are indicate the fineness or coarseness of cotton. Hank term is generally used for the material in the preparatory process like as blowroom lap, card sliver, drawframe sliver, lapformer lap, simplex roving etc. Count term is used for yarn like as carded yarn, combed yarn, double yarn, open end yarn etc.

DEFINITION OF COUNT

The count represents the number of hanks of 840 yard of yarn in 1 pound weight and the hank represents the number of hanks of 840 yard of sliver or roving in 1 pound weight.

Count = The number of hanks of 840 yards/Yarn weight (in pound)

For example,

1) Sliver length = 168 yards,

    168 yards sliver weight = 1 lbs. Then,

    Hank of sliver = 0.2

 

2) Yarn length = 16800 yards,

    16800 yards yarn weight = 1 lbs. Then,

    Count of yarn = 20

TYPES OF YARN COUNT

1. Indirect system- English, Metric, Worsted.
2. Direct system- Tex, Denier, Lbs/Spindle.

INDIRECT COUNT

The count of yarn expresses the number of length units in one weight unit. Thus higher the count, finer the yarn. The system is generally used for cotton, worsted, linen (wet spun) etc.

In indirect system of measuring count is used for the measurement of length per unit weight of yarn where weight is considered to be constant.
When count increases, fineness increases. (count↑ fineness↑) 

1. English Count (Ne)
2. Metric Hank ( Nm )
3. French Hank ( Nf )

ENGLISH COUNT

English count is defined as ' the number of hanks of 840 yards in one pound weight '.

English Count = Number of hanks of 840 yard / Weight in pounds

METRIC HANK

Metric hank is defined as ' the number of hanks of 1000 metres in one kilogram weight '.

Metric Hank = Number of hanks of 1000 metres / Weight in kilograms

FRENCH HANK

French hank is defined as ' the number of hank of 1000 metres in half kilogram weight '.

French Hank = Number of hanks of 1000 metres / Weight in kgs x 2

DIRECT COUNT

The count of yarn expresses the no. of weight units in one length unit. Thus higher the count, coarser the yarn. The system is generally used for synthetic fibre, jute, silk etc.

In direct system the count is used for the measurement of weight per unit length of yarn where length is considered as constant. Here whenever count increases, fineness decreases. (count↑ fineness↓) 

1. Tex
2. Denier

TEX

Tex is defined as ' the weight in grams of 1000 meter.'

Tex = Weight in grams/ 1000 meter

DENIER

Denier is defined as ' the weight in grams of 9000 meter.'

Denier = Weight in grams/ 9000 meter

FABRIC STRUCTURE AND ANALYSIS | GENERAL TERMS OF FABRIC STRUCTURE AND ANALYSIS | ELEMENTS OF FABRIC STRUCTURE AND ANALYSIS | PARTICULAR OF FABRIC STRUCTURE AND ANALYSIS.

GENERAL TERMS OF FABRIC STRUCTURE AND ANALYSIS  

DESIGN

Design is the dispositions of lines. The design indicates the interlacement of warp and weft threads in the repeat of the design. That is called DESIGN. For example we draw a circular line that is called circle, draw some lines and produce many types of structure like as square, rectangle, star, cube etc. all structure are a design.

Design

TEXTILE DESIGN

Those designs which is applied on textile material through printing, interlacement etc. that is called TEXTILE DESIGN.

Textile Design

SELVEDGE

Selvedge is the corner part of fabric, which have more strength and more ends per inch (EPI).

Selvedge

WARP

Those yarn which is parallel to the selvedge of fabric that is called WARP.

Warp Yarn

WEFT

Those yarn which is across to the selvedge of fabric that is called WEFT.

Weft Yarn

THREADING

The process of passing ends through the mail eye of dent that is called THREADING.

Threading

ELEMENTS OF FABRIC STRUCTURE AND ANALYSIS

• Minimum Repeat
• Weave
• Draft
• Peg Plan / Lifting Plan
• Denting Order

MINIMUM REPEAT

Minimum repeat is a minimum area in which a complete design can be shown. For example plain weave minimum repeat is ( 2 x 2 ), twill weave minimum repeat is ( 3 x 3 ) etc.

WEAVE

Weave is a design, which is incorporated on loom machine by interlacement of warp and weft. This process is called WEAVING.

DRAFT

Draft indicates the number of healds to be used to produce a design.

PEG PLAN / LIFTING PLAN

It shows the selection of healds to be raised or lowered at each insertion of picks.

DENTING ORDER

Denting order is the number of ends pass through a dent of the reed. There are two to five ends pass through a dent.